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Título

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: what do radiologists need to know?

Introdução e objetivo(s)

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a congenital musculoskeletal disorder characterized by abnormal hip joint development, leading to potential long-term complications if not detected and managed early. DDH is a relatively common orthopedic condition, affecting approximately 1-3% of newborns. The condition exhibits geographical and ethnic variations, with a higher prevalence among females, first-born children, and those with a family history of DDH.
Clinical examination, including the Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers, is a fundamental screening tool for newborns. However, imaging techniques play a pivotal role in confirming and assessing the severity of DDH. One of the widely accepted methods is the Graf method, which uses ultrasound to evaluate hip joint morphology.
This pictorial essay aims to provide an informative overview of DDH, including its epidemiology and diagnostic methods.

Método(s)

For this pictorial essay, we carried out an exhaustive literature review to gather relevant information on DDH. We used some of the main cases from our service to obtain representative images that demonstrate the various stages of DDH, the application of the Graf method and other diagnostic methods, as well as post-operative controls and late complications. We also discuss the importance of early diagnosis and the role of diagnostic imaging in the management of DDH.

Discussão

The discussion section presents a visual journey through the spectrum of DDH, from normal hip development to various stages of dysplasia. We highlight the diagnostic accuracy and clinical relevance of the Graf method in identifying and grading DDH, emphasizing its superiority over traditional radiography in infants. We also discuss the challenges in DDH management, including treatment modalities and the significance of early intervention in preventing long-term complications.

Conclusões

Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a common pediatric orthopedic condition that demands early detection and intervention. This pictorial essay provides a visual understanding of DDH and emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate management to ensure the best outcomes for affected children. Early detection through clinical examination and imaging, remains crucial in preventing lifelong hip joint disabilities and improving the quality of life for those affected by DDH.

Palavras Chave

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip; PICTORIAL ESSAY; diagnostic imaging

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